As a result, the solid w aste management system is not operated satisfactorily. Basis for the recommended waste characterization process the physical composition of the municipal solid waste stream will vary from region to region based on a number of factors including, among other things, the waste generation practices of. Hazardous waste management hazardous waste management treatment, storage, and disposal. Improving solid waste management, especially in low income countries, is an urgent priority. Effects of improper disposal of solid wastespublic health and environmental effects. This includes the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process. Municipal solid waste management challenges in developing. Methodology solid waste management for sustainable. Open dumpsite approach as solid waste disposal method is a primitive stage of solid waste management in many parts of the world.
Methods of waste reduction include manufacturing products with less. The journal for municipal solid waste professionals 2015 novemberdecember 2015 msw management. Waste collection is the collection of solid waste from point of production residential, industrial commercial, institutional to the point of treatment or disposal. The last one involves collection, categorisation, transport to disposal site and disposal of the solid waste. These issues are ongoing concern for nations, municipalities, corporations, and individuals around the world 2, and the global community at large 3. Knowing the full costs of municipal solid waste msw management can help you make better decisions about your solid waste program, improve the efficiency of services, and better plan for the future. The abovesaid three traditional methods to dispose of municipal solid waste are definitely very important progresses we have made to save our planet. Best practice municipal waste management umweltbundesamt. Management of municipal solid waste a seminar delivered by farotimi femi.
The endoflife sustainable food management \sfm\ techniques presented in this scoping study includ\ e practices currently used as well as emerging technologies. Municipal solid waste factsheet center for sustainable systems. Integrated waste management iwm in its simplest forms incorporates the waste management hierarchy by considering direct impacts transportation. Source specific quantification and characterization of. However, the nature quantity and quality of this waste stream can vary and is largely dependent upon the manner in which waste production is managed, by both government and the public. Several options are available for hazardous waste management. There are various methods for management of municipal solid waste, such as land disposal, incineration, composting, dumping into the sea, etc.
Solid waste in a broader sense is understood as any household, industrial and agricultural materials that have been used up. General concepts of waste management and major phases. In view of this, source specific quantification and characterization of municipal solid waste assumes great significance which will enable accurate assessment of waste load and it would be easier for proper planning of solid waste management system. Over the last two decades, european countries have increasingly shifted their focus with regard to municipal waste from disposal methods to prevention and recycling. Waste management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid waste generation, characterization, minimization, collection, separation, treatment and disposal, as well as manuscripts that address waste management policy, education, and economic and environmental assessments. As this study focus on how solid waste management swm practices impact on sound environmental development, the researcher decided to use a mixed method strategy. Methods of solid waste disposal and management are as below. The level of development of a country reflects the impact on the management of solid waste and the selection of such management. Pdf management of municipal solid waste oluwole ogunsajo. This methodology for estimating municipal solid waste msw recycling benefits is intended to provide a clear and complete explanation of the process used by epa to develop estimates of the benefits associated with municipal solid waste msw recycling. Nevertheless, while reduction and recycling are desirable options, they are not regarded as the final remedy to the. Epa 2015 advancing sustainable materials management. Consequently, the issue of sustainable and effective municipal solid waste management mswm is becoming increasingly important.
The most desirable is to reduce the quantity of waste at its source or to recycle the materials for some other productive use. In order to manage waste, the environmental protection agency epa and the solid waste act favor an integrated solid waste management strategy that includes 1 reducing the amount of solid waste generated, 2 recycling as much refuse as. According to the adb report of 58 municipality household waste composition analysis. This study presents the current solid waste management practices and problems in nigeria. To learn more regarding responsible msw waste management visit the epa municipal solid waste sustainability website page or check out general kinematics msw sorting solutions. En6501 municipal solid waste management mswm syllabus unit i sources and types sources and types of municipal solid wastes waste generation ratesfactors affecting generation, characteristics methods of sampling and characterization. Landfill disposal is regarded as the last resort for all waste that remains from the other three methods.
Municipal solid waste is collected in several ways. An integral part of current municipal solid waste msw management strategies around the world include the use of incineration, either with or without energy recovery. Fca can help you compile the detailed cost information you need to understand what msw management costs and to communicate these costs to the public. To support municipal solid waste msw characterization efforts, epa conducted a scoping study on food waste and the methods by which they are managed. The solid building formed by european waste policy. Municipal solid waste management in dar es salaam draft baseline analysis prepared for the the world bank washington, dc prepared by robert breeze toronto, on, canada october 2012 this is an abridged version of a report prepared by robert breeze, a consultant engaged by the world bank. The selected method is based on the collection and. Gk home gk blog 6 methods of sustainable municipal solid waste management whether you donate a basket of fresh food or hand over a used cell charger at an instore dropoff you are helping to eliminate waste. Current waste generation per capita by income level 10 6. It is the natural process of decomposition of organic waste that yields manure or compost, which is very rich in nutrients. Solid waste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Waste generation, composition and management data 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 2. Solid waste management challenges in urban areas of ghana. In residential areas, the most common collection methods are curb or alley, setoutsetback, and backyard carry.
Approaches of possible solutions that can be undertaken to improve municipal solid waste msw services are discussed. Moving municipal waste management up the waste hierarchy 1 is essential to extract more value from resources while reducing the pressures on the environment and creating jobs. To support municipal solid waste \msw\ characterization efforts, epa conducted a scoping study on food waste and the methods by which they are managed. In curb or alley service, the residents carry the singleuse plastic bags and containers to the curb or collection point, and then return the empty container after pickup. Dec 01, 2014 environment protection act, 1986 hazardous waste rule 1989 biomedical waste rule 1998 municipal solid waste rule 2000 waste management act 1996 solid waste policy in india 2006 43. Solid wastes controlling methods biology discussion. Solutions for landscaping, industrial waste, common nonhazardous materials, and greenhouse gas emissions. This waste can be recycled by the method of composting, one of the oldest forms of disposal. Materials and methods msw treatment technologies integrated waste management options are now been applying in most of the developed countries with resource recycle, recovery and energy generation facilities from the solid waste. Sustainable municipal solid waste management a qualitative study on possibilities and solutions in mutomo, kenya emma selin abstract this report investigates the possibilities and solutions for a sustainable municipal solid waste management in the community of mutomo, situated in kitui county, kenya.
Unepietc developing integrated solid waste management plan, volume 1, waste characterization and quantification with projections for future 2009. In many countries, municipal solid waste management mswm has often been. Since such waste accumulates in the territories managed by municipalities responsible for its removal and storage, it is termed municipal solid waste. The use of an integrated municipal solid waste management system was found to be essential for improving the overall efficiency in municipal waste management in most developed nations globally. Municipal waste management across european countries. Waste toenergy wte conversion is now considered as one of the optimal. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. What is municipal solid waste and how to dispose of them. Waste collectors visit each individual house to collect garbage. Municipal solid waste management using geographical information system aided methods.
Solid waste management solid waste refers here to all nonliquid wastes. Pdf municipal solid waste management using geographical. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Solid waste management is characterized by inefficient collection methods, insufficient coverage of. Pdf municipal solid waste msw is one of the major areas of concern all over the world. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vectorborne diseasethat is, diseases spread by rodents and insects.
Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, pollution, and outbreaks of disease. Waste management is not solely the duty of the municipality but all citizens should also become the managers of waste. Comparative study of municipal solid waste treatment. It is one of the most poorly rendered services by municipal authorities in developing countries as the systems applied are unscientific, outdated and in efficient. Full cost accounting for municipal solid waste management. If these quantities are added, the solid waste production rate reaches 45 kg per capita per day 100 lb. Mswm encompasses the functions of collection, transfer, treatment, recycling. The improvement of people and private sector through ngos could improve the efficiency of solid waste management. General waste the transfer station method commonly adopted in japan is the compactor container transfer station shown below. Mixed method strategy integrates quantitative and qualitative research in a single project bryman, 2012, p. According to the hierarchy of waste management, landfilling is the most used and widespread method of solid waste msw disposal worldwide. If solid wastes are to be used as fuel, or are used for any other purpose, we must know their chemical characteristics, including the following. Information pool on approaches towards a sustainable design of municipal waste management and supporting. Municipal solid waste generation has become an inevitable consequence of lifestyles and daily living.
Solidwaste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. A world bank report on the state of municipal solid waste in 2012 titled what a waste. This book presents the management of municipal of solid waste, including recycling and landfill technologies. Waste generation projections for 2025 by region 10 5. To introduce the reader to the solid waste management field, an overview of municipal solid waste problems, sources, collection, resource recovery, and disposal methods are presented in this paper. This paper provides an overview of the state of municipal solid waste management mswm by local authorities in kenya as a case study of a lowincome developing country. Most technologies for waste management are mature and have been successfully implemented for decades in many countries.
Municipal solid waste mswmore commonly known as trash or garbageconsists of everyday items we use and then throw away, such as product packaging, grass clippings, furniture, clothing, bottles, food scraps, newspapers, appliances, paint, and batteries. Hopefully, this report will contribute to the dialogue that leads to muchneeded action. A credible estimate is made for what the situation will look like in 2025. The products of decomposition and heating values are two examples of chemical characteristics. Life cycle assesment of municipal solid waste management methods. The paper examined the municipal solid waste disposal methods and the environmental issues associated with the management of solid waste in kano metropolis. A msw landfill is a solid waste management facility that utilizes an engineered method of land disposal, primarily for municipal solid wastes.
Waste management deals with all types of waste, including industrial, biological and household. An engineered method of landfilling means that wastes are handled at a disposal facility that is designed, constructed and operated in a manner protective of human health and the environment. Pdf en6501 municipal solid waste management mswm books. Improving municipal solid waste management in india. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Collection of solid waste university of asia pacific. Methods of solid waste disposal and management the constructor. Eia 2011 renewable energy trends in consumption and electricity 2009. Nevertheless, there is significant potential for accelerating both the direct reduction of ghg emissions from waste as well as. Pdf municipal solid wastes and waste remediation methods. Comparison of solid waste management practices by income level 5 2. In order to establish effective solid waste management in the affected area the following process should be used. Mshelia department of geography, nigerian defence academy kaduna, nigeria abstract. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did.
Sustainability evaluation of municipal solid waste management. Environment protection act, 1986 hazardous waste rule 1989 biomedical waste rule 1998 municipal solid waste rule 2000 waste management act 1996 solid waste policy in india 2006 43. A sustainable management of municipal solid waste systems constitutes a promising and attractive trend to study current consumption behaviors responsible for waste generation, and to protect the global ecosystem. An evaluation of the municipal solid waste management. The journal addresses various types of solid wastes including municipal e. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. Care must be taken for safer land use, planned urbanization controlled developmental activities, safe disposal and the management of solid wastes.
Waste can be solid, liquid, or gas and each type has different methods of disposal and management. Wastetoenergy options in municipal solid waste management giz. An analysis of municipal solid waste management in south. To better utilize the municipal solid waste, we need a much more scientific and sustainable methods to dispose of them. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans. Municipal solid waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing environmental protection agencies in developing countries. Methodology for estimating municipal solid waste recycling.
The las undertake the task of swm with their own staff, equipment and funds. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and appropriately. Solid waste management and recycling technology of japan. Solid waste management is a system designed to handle the process of collecting, transporting, treating, and disposing of rubbished and discarded materials. Importance of leading by example need for enforcement of laws and regulations.
Energy information administration eia 2018 waste toenergy municipal solid waste. Dec 03, 2014 waste, as it moves through the waste management system. Organic matter constitutes 35%40% of the municipal solid waste generated in india. Municipal solid waste factsheet center for sustainable. Municipal solid waste is defined to include refuse from households, nonhazardous solid waste from industrial, commercial and institutional establishments including hospitals, market waste, yard waste and street sweepings. Hazardouswaste management treatment, storage, and disposal. Waste minimisation and recyclingreuse policies have been introduced to reduce the amount of waste generated, and increasingly, alternative waste management practices to solid waste disposal on land have been implemented to reduce the environmental impacts of waste management. Should input feedstock to anaerobic digestion determine the legal status of digestate.